Defense & Security

The Civil-Defense Gap: From Kuma Academy to Whole-of-Society Resilience, How Wide Is Taiwan's Preparedness Shortfall?

Kuma Academy says it has trained more than 80,000 people, but a civil-society course cannot substitute for a national civil-defense system. Taiwan has already set up a Whole-of-Society Defense Resilience Committee and Town Resilience Drills; the real gaps can only be confirmed through point-by-point facility checks, local drill results, and offline guidance.